What is Structural Steel?
Structural steel is a class of steel structural materials produced with a certain cross-section or shape and certain values of strength and chemical composition. Most developed countries control the composition, strength, size, shape, strength and storage of structural steel. The term structural steel includes a wide variety of low carbon and low manganese steels used in marine and civil engineering applications. Many structural steels also include important additions of other elements such as Nb, V, Ti, and Al in small amounts. These types of steels are called high-strength, low-alloy or fine-alloy steels. Structural steel is manufactured in the form of sections and plates and is commonly used in bridges, buildings, ships and pipes.
Types of structural steel
After iron, carbon is the most important element in steel.
Structural steel beams
Bon produces materials with high strength and low ductility. The techniques used in steel production are highly computerized stress analysis, precision stress analysis and innovative joints. Commonly used structural steel profile types are cantilever beam, channels, planes and angles. The main types of structural steel are generally classified by chemical composition grade as follows:
Carbon Manganese Steel:
The main chemical components are iron, carbon and manganese. These are often referred to as low carbon structural steels or carbon steels. High strength and flexibility, so its economy is widely used. A popular grade of this type is the ASTM A36 grade.
Low Alloy High Strength Steel:
This is the latest development in the steel industry. Chemical elements are added to increase resistance. A commonly used type is ASTM Grade A572.
High Strength Hardened and Quenched Alloy Steel – For structural use, usually available as ASTM Grade A514.
Refractory structural steel
The fire resistance class is determined by the time it takes for the steel to be tested to reach the temperature specified by the standard. Structural steel requires external insulation also known as flame retardants to prevent the steel from being damaged in the event of a fire. When heated, the steel expands and softens, eventually losing its structural integrity. Steel can also be melted if enough energy is provided.
The use of flame retardant materials can reduce the rate of heat transfer to the steel. Although concrete structures can withstand fire damage without additional fire protection measures, concrete can deteriorate, especially if the water content is high. Fire protection is commonly used in tunnels and locations where hydrocarbon fires may occur. Fire protection is incorporated through building codes to cover basic fire protection needs.
